PRESENT CONTINUOUS Přítomný průběhový čas present – přítomný continuous – průběhový, průběžný USE 1) actions happening at the moment of speaking John is watching a film. 2) temporary actions My brother is attending a course this week. 3) actions happening around the moment of speaking (longer actions) Peter is preparing for his exams. 4) trends More and more schools are using computers for lessons. 5) repeated actions which are irritating to the speaker Helen is always forgetting her homework 6) fixed plan in the near future I am going to manage it this afternoon. use – použití action – akce happen – stát se temporary – dočasný around the moment – přibližně v době attend – navštěvovat (kurz) prepare – připravovat se exam – zkouška forget – zapomenout manage – vyřídit irritate – popuzovat, hněvat 2 Signal words • now • at the moment • this month • this week • this year • today • recently • this morning recently – v poslední době 3 Westminster Abbey 4 FORM - singular I am + (verb)+ing Ü I am + work+ing I am working You are + (verb)+ing Ü You are + work+ing You are working He is + (verb)+ing Ü He is + work+ing He is working Ü She is + work+ing She is working Ü It is + work+ing It is working singular – jednotné číslo 5 FORM - plural We are + (verb)+ing Ü We are + work+ing Ü We are working You are + (verb)+ing Ü You are + work+ing You are working They are + (verb)+ing Ü They are + work+ing They are working singular – jednotné číslo 6 AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES • I am (I‘m) writing it now. • You are (You‘re) flying to New York this week. • He/she/it is (he‘s, she‘s, it‘s) going out this evening. • We are (We‘re) visiting them today. • They are (They‘re) spending their holiday with their parents this year. affirmative - oznamovací sentence – věta spend – strávit 7 Westminster Abbey 8 QUESTIONS • What are you doing this evening? • Are they flying to New York this week? • What are you doing now? • Is he going to the theater tonight? Otázky v angličtině VŽDY začínají slovesem - are, is, do, does nebo tázacím zájmenem – who, where, what, why question – otázka NEGATIVE SENTENCES • I am (I‘m) not writing it today. • You are (You‘re) not flying to New York this week. • He/she/it is (he‘s, she‘s, it‘s) not going out this evening. • We are (We‘re) not visiting them today. • They are (They‘re) not spending their holiday with their parents this year. negative – záporný sentence – věta 10 Shakespeare‘s Globe Theater 11 Non-continuous verbs Slovesa, která se nepoužívají v přítomném průběhovém čase „stavová slovesa“ – state verbs - názory, postoje, mentální procesy Sense Verbs hear, see, smell, sound, taste, please, seem, Communication agree, disagree, promise, surprise, know, astonish, deny, impress, mean, satisfy Possession Verbs possess, owe, belong, own Emotion Verbs like, love, hate, prefer, dislike, fear, envy, mind, believe, dislike, doubt, imagine, realize, recognize, remember, suppose, understand, want Other Verbs want, cost, need, care, contain, to exist, concern, consist, contain, depend, deserve, fit, include, involve, lack, matter FEEL and LOOK - both forms are possible I feel tired – I am feeling tired THINK stav – myslet si -> I think I should go home now. What do you think will happen next? činnost – přemýšlet -> I am thinking about going to college. What are you thinking about? HAVE stav – mít/vlastnit/muset -> I have a lot of work to do right now. I have to go now. činnost – dávat si, užívat si -> They are having brakfast. Are you having a good time? BE stav – být She is really tall. činnost – chovat se nějak I don't think he was flirting with you. He was just being nice. He is beeing stupid. SEE stav – vidět činnost – vídat se s někým, navštěvovat APPEAR stav – zdát se, jevit činnost – objevovat se, vystupovat, účinkovat TASTE stav – chutnat nějak činnost – ochutnávat 1-1 Actions happening at the moment of speaking question – otázka 15 Ty se teď učíš anglicky. You are learning English now. Ty teď neplaveš. You are not swimming now. Spíš? Are you sleeping? Sedím, nestojím. I am sitting, I am not standing. Petr sedí nebo stojí? Is Peter sitting or standing? Děti se nedívají na televizi. The children are not watching television. http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentcontinuous.html 1-2 Actions happening at the moment of speaking task – úkol, zadání homework – domácí úkol Čtou si právě knihu. They are reading a book. Co děláš? What are you doing? Kam jdeš? Where are you going? Proč si neděláš úkol? Why aren't you doing your homework? Kde se učí žáci? Where are pupils learning? Kdo ten úkol nedělá? Who isn‘t doing the task? http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentcontinuous.html 2 Longer Actions in Progress Now progress – pokrok, průběh longer – delší (long) Učím se, protože chci být dobrým řemeslníkem. I am learning to be a good craftsman. Čteš knihu Tom Sawyer? Are you reading the book Tom Sawyer? Momentálně nečtu žádné knihy. I am not reading any books right now. Proč si neděláš úkoly? Why aren't you doing your homeworks? Pracujete teď na nějakých speciálních projektech? Are you working on any special projects? Ty teď neučíš na škole? Aren't you teaching at school now? http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentcontinuous.html 3 Repetition and Irritation with "Always" complain – stěžovat si forget – zapomenout borrow – půjčit si John chodí pořád do školy pozdě. John is always coming to school late. Helena pořád mluví. Helen is always speaking. Nemám rád lidi, kteří si neustále stěžují. I don't like people who are always complaining. Pořád zapomínám klíče. I am always forgetting my keys. Neustále si půjčuje peníze. He is always borrowing money. Můj syn pořád hraje počítačové hry. Aren't My son is always playing computer games. http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentcontinuous.html