Past simple tense
• the event is in the past
• the event is completely finished
• we say (or understand) the time and/or place of the event
Past simple tense - minulý čas prostý
the event - událost
completely finished - zcela ukončený
We use the past simple tense to talk about an action or a situation - an event - in the past. The event can be short or long.
• The car exploded at 9.30am yesterday.
• I lived in Bangkok for 10 years.
• The Jurassic period lasted about 62 million years.
• I lived in that house when I was young.
Last - trvat
FORM - regular werbs affirmative
the verb + (e)d
I, you, he/she/it, we, they worked pracoval/a/i/y
I, you, he/she/it, we, they moved prestehoval/a/i/y
I, you, he/she/it, we, they called volal/a/i/y
You called Debbie. Helen washed her car. I finished my work.
Big Ben
FORM - regular verbs
negative
the auxiliary verb DO -> DID is necessary: You did not (didn't) call Debbie. Helen did not (didn't) wash her car. I did not (didn't) finish my work.
Compare with the present simple tense:
You do not (don't) call Debbie. Helen does not (doesn't) wash her car. I do not (don't) finish my work.
auxiliary	- pomocný 1
necessary	- nutný 1
finish	- končit, skončit
compare	- porovnat
	-■
FORM - regular verbs interrogative
the auxiliary verb DO -> DID is necessary: Did you call Debbie? Did Helen wash her car? Did he finish his work?
Compare with the present simple tense:
Do you call Debbie? Does Helen wash her car? Does he finish his work?
auxiliary necessary finish compare
- pomocný
- nutný
- končit, skončit
- porovnat
Ben (London Eye)
1 USE: Completed Action in the Past
I (watch) a movie yesterday. I watched a movie yesterday. I (not see) a play yesterday. I didn't see a play yesterday. Last year, I (travel) to Japan. Last year, I traveled to Japan. Last year, I (not travel) to Korea. Last year, I didn't travel to Korea. ... you (cook) dinner last night? Did you cook dinner last night? She (wash) her car. She washed her car. He (not wash) his car. He didn't wash his car.
2 USE: A Series of Past Completed Actions
• I finished work, walked to the beach, and looked for a nice place to swim.
• He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and picked up the others at 10:00.
• Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?
Icompleted - dokončený look for     - hledat check        - ubytovat se
- zkontrolovat,
pick up - vyzvednout pour - nasypat
add -přidat
3 USE: Duration in Past
I (live) in Brazil for two years.
I lived in Brazil for two years.
Jane (study) Japanese for five years.
Jane studied Japanese for five years.
They (stay) at the beach all day.
They stayed at the beach all day.
They (not stay) at the party the entire time.
They did not stay at the party the entire time.
How long ... you (wait)? We (wait) for one hour.
How long did you wait? We waited for one hour.
Exercise
Ten film trval dvě hodiny.
The film lasted two hours.
Pracoval jsi minulý týden?
Did you work last week?
Neviděl jsem ho v pondělí.
/ didn't see him on Monday.
Škola včera skončila v poledne.
The lessons finished at noon yesterday.
Proč skončila tak brzy?
Why did it finish so early?
Nevěděl jsem o tom.
/ didn't know about it.
Zůstal jsem tam pouze tři týdny.
/ stayed there only three weeks.
Pozval jsi Kate?
Did you invite Kate?